The Didache
The Didache covers topics such as Christian ethics, rituals such as baptism and the Eucharist, and church leadership. It is one of the earliest testimonies to the way of life and liturgical practices of the early Christian communities.
The document outlines the method for baptizing, stating that baptism should be performed in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, preferably in running water (by immersion). If running water is not available, other water can be used, and if cold water is not available, warm water may be used. It mentions that pouring water three times upon the head (affusion) is an acceptable method when immersion is not feasible. This shows the early flexibility in baptismal practices within Christian communities, accommodating different situations while maintaining the essential symbolism and intent of the rite.