Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)

The PFLP, the second-largest faction within the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is considered a revolutionary socialist group. The group was co-founded in 1967 by George Habash, Nayef Hawatmeh, Wadie Haddad and Ahmad Jibril, as an umbrella organisation for Marxist-Leninist and Arab nationalist groups. It grew out of the now-defunct Arab National Movement and the Palestine Liberation Front and has been in decline since the 1980s, particularly after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Groups like Hamas and Islamic Jihad have further challenged the PFLP's influence. The following year, Jibril split from the group.

Historically opposed to the Palestinian Authority's policies or serving in any government under the PA and sceptical of a two-state solution, the PFLP advocates for a democratic Palestinian state across all of historic Palestine through armed struggle. The PFLP's military wing, the Abu Ali Mustafa Brigades, remains active, especially in Gaza.

Financially, the group has faced challenges, notably with the Palestinian National Fund ceasing its monthly stipends in 2016 due to opposition to some of Mahmoud Abbas' policies. The PFLP's internal structure includes a secretive General Conference to elect members of its Political Bureau and a General Central Committee. As of the last known conference in 2014, Ahmad Sa’adat was re-elected as secretary-general.