Extremist groups, including Hamas and Islamic Jihad, have played a significant role in escalating tensions.

Extremist groups, including Hamas and Islamic Jihad, have played a significant role in escalating tensions. For instance, Hamas was reported to have incited Palestinians by falsely claiming that Israel gave permission for Jewish extremists to sacrifice a goat on the Temple Mount. Such misinformation and incitement can exacerbate existing tensions and lead to violent outbreaks