Both Hamas and Israel attempted to deescalate the crisis through escalatory actions, which paradoxically contributed to the outbreak of Operation Protective Edge. Mutual distrust and difficulty in distinguishing between defensive and offensive actions were significant factors in the escalation​

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    Both Hamas and Israel attempted to deescalate the crisis through escalatory actions, which paradoxically contributed to the outbreak of Operation Protective Edge. Mutual distrust and difficulty in distinguishing between defensive and offensive actions were significant factors in the escalation​

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