Land acquisition

  • Topic

What approaches are there to acquiring land?

Purchase land from government

Purchasing land from the government involves acquiring property owned or managed by a government entity, such as a local, state, or federal government. The process typically follows specific procedures and regulations set forth by the government in question. Here's an overview of the general steps involved in purchasing land from the government.

Purchase or lease city surplus land by the DAO

Purchasing or leasing city surplus land by the DAO involves the community coming together to acquire or lease land that is no longer in use by the city government. This process can be facilitated through blockchain technology and smart contracts that allow for transparent and efficient transactions. Here's an overview of how the DAO can purchase or lease city surplus land:

  • Identify Surplus Land: The DAO community researches and identifies city-owned land that is considered surplus, meaning it is no longer needed for public purposes.

  • Community Consensus: The DAO members discuss and reach a consensus on whether to pursue the acquisition or lease of the identified surplus land. Decisions are made through voting mechanisms within the DAO's governance framework.

  • Engage with City Officials: The DAO engages with the relevant city officials or departments responsible for managing surplus land to express their interest in purchasing or leasing the property.

  • Negotiation and Proposal: The DAO may present a proposal to the city outlining their plans for the land, including the intended use and any community-driven initiatives that align with public interest.

  • Financial Arrangements: The DAO determines the funds required for the purchase or lease and explores crowdfunding options or token issuance to raise the necessary capital.

  • Smart Contract and Escrow: Using blockchain technology, the DAO sets up a smart contract detailing the terms and conditions of the purchase or lease agreement. An escrow account may also be established to hold the funds until the transaction is completed.

  • City Approval: The city government reviews the proposal and enters negotiations with the DAO. Depending on local regulations, the city may need to approve the transaction through a formal process.

  • Finalizing the Deal: Once the terms are agreed upon, the DAO transfers the funds to the escrow account, and the city transfers ownership or grants the lease of the surplus land to the DAO.

  • Community Development: After acquiring or leasing the land, the DAO initiates community-driven development projects or uses the land for purposes that align with the interests and needs of its decentralized community.

  • Compliance and Stewardship: The DAO ensures compliance with all relevant laws and regulations governing land use and management. It takes on the responsibility of being a good steward of the land and uses it to benefit the community and larger public interest.

Gifting of land, where the previous owner receives a tax write-off

The gifting of land, where the previous owner receives a tax write-off, refers to a charitable contribution in which the owner voluntarily donates the property to a DAO, qualified nonprofit organization, or charity. This act of philanthropy allows the previous owner to transfer ownership of the land to the charitable entity while receiving tax benefits in return.

Private acquisition of land that is sold to the DAO with an understanding of how the land will be used

The private acquisition of land that is sold to the DAO involves purchasing from a private owner with a clear understanding of how the land will be used by the DAO. This process allows the DAO to acquire the property for community-driven initiatives that aligns with the organization's mission and goals.

Acquire through collaboration with a land trust or cooperative

Acquiring land through collaboration with a land trust or cooperative involves a joint effort between and a land trust or cooperative entity. This collaborative approach allows the DAO to secure access to the land while leveraging the expertise and resources of the land trust or cooperative.

Use of entity for the DAO that purchases the land directly

The use of an entity for the DAO that purchases the land directly involves the establishment of a legal entity that serves as the vehicle through which the DAO acquires ownership of the property. This entity acts as an intermediary between the DAO and the purchased land, providing a structured and legally recognized framework for the transaction.

Work with an endowment to acquire land

Working with an endowment to acquire land involves collaborating with a charitable organization or foundation that has established an endowment fund to support specific causes or initiatives. The endowment fund serves as a sustainable source of financial support for various projects, and in this case, it is used to acquire land for a particular purpose.

Lease from private land owner

Leasing land from a private landowner involves entering into a contractual agreement where the DAO or any other entity is granted the right to use the land for a specified period. This is typically in exchange for regular payments to the landowner.

DAO manages a database of potential lots of interest and prices that the organization would be willing to pay to acquire land

The DAO effectively manages a database of potential lots of interest and corresponding prices that the organization is willing to pay to acquire land. This database serves as a valuable tool for the DAO's land acquisition strategy which helps to streamline the process and make well-informed decisions.

Acquire through a land auction

Acquiring land through an auction involves participating in a competitive bidding process where interested buyers, including the DAO, place offers for the purchase of the land. Auctions provide an open and transparent platform for acquiring property and the highest bidder at the end of the auction wins the right to purchase the land.

Through conservation or easement agreements

Acquiring land through conservation or easement agreements involves collaborating with landowners or land trusts to protect and preserve natural resources, wildlife habitats, or cultural heritage by limiting the development and use of the land. These agreements ensure that the land's ecological or historical significance is maintained while allowing the DAO or other entities to participate in the conservation efforts.

Crowdsourcing the purchase of land

Crowdsourcing the purchase of land involves harnessing the collective financial contributions and support from a large group of people. This is often done through online platforms or community-driven initiatives, to raise the necessary funds to acquire the land. It allows the DAO or any other entity to pool resources from a diverse community and making it possible to afford the land that might be beyond the budget of any individual participant.

DAO purchase or leasing of county unincorporated land

A DAO can pursue the purchase or leasing of county unincorporated land as part of its community-driven initiatives or projects. County unincorporated land refers to areas that are not within the boundaries of any specific city or municipality but fall under the jurisdiction of the county government.

Lease land from local government

Leasing land from the local government involves entering into a contractual agreement where the DAO or any other entity is granted the right to use the land owned by the local government for a specified period, typically in exchange for regular rental payments. Leasing land from the local government provides the opportunity for community-driven projects, public benefit initiatives, or other developments that align with the interests and needs of the local community.

Community and nonprofit organizations

Community and nonprofit organizations can play vital roles in assisting a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) with acquiring land. Their support can significantly enhance the DAO's efforts and increase its chances of successful land acquisition for community-driven projects or initiatives.

  • Identifying Suitable Land: Community and nonprofit organizations often have extensive local knowledge and connections, allowing them to identify potential land parcels that align with the DAO's vision and objectives. They can scout for available land that suits the DAO's community-driven initiatives and sustainable development goals.

  • Community Engagement and Support: Community organizations excel at engaging with local residents and stakeholders. They can help the DAO build support for the land acquisition project within the community, garnering public backing and participation. Their advocacy can strengthen the DAO's case and demonstrate community interest in the initiative.

  • Navigating Local Regulations: Nonprofit organizations often have experience working with local government bodies and understanding land-related regulations and procedures. They can guide the DAO through the intricacies of land acquisition, ensuring compliance with zoning laws, permitting processes, and other legal requirements.

  • Fundraising and Grant Opportunities: Nonprofit organizations may have established fundraising mechanisms and access to grant opportunities. They can assist the DAO in raising funds or applying for grants specifically earmarked for land acquisition or community development projects.

  • Facilitating Partnerships: Community and nonprofit organizations can help the DAO form strategic partnerships with other stakeholders, such as local businesses, environmental groups, or educational institutions. These collaborations can bolster the DAO's credibility and provide additional resources and support.

  • Data and Research: Nonprofits often gather valuable data and conduct research related to community needs, environmental factors, or sustainable practices. This information can help the DAO make informed decisions about land acquisition and development.

  • Public Awareness and Education: Community organizations excel at spreading awareness about social and environmental issues. They can help the DAO communicate the importance of its land acquisition project to the broader public and advocate for its benefits.

  • Advocacy and Lobbying: Nonprofit organizations may have experience with advocacy and lobbying efforts. They can support the DAO by advocating for the project's approval and garnering support from policymakers and local authorities.

  • Stakeholder Collaboration: Community organizations can facilitate dialogue and collaboration between the DAO and other stakeholders, such as indigenous communities, local farmers, or environmental groups, to ensure their perspectives and interests are considered.

  • Monitoring and Evaluation: After the land acquisition, community and nonprofit organizations can assist the DAO in monitoring and evaluating the project's impact on the community and the environment. They can provide feedback and insights for continuous improvement.

County unincorporated land

County unincorporated land can be a valuable resource for acquiring land, particularly for DAO or community-driven initiatives. Here are some ways in which county unincorporated land can serve as a resource for land acquisition:

  • Affordability: County unincorporated land is often priced lower than land within city limits or developed areas. As a result, it can be more affordable for DAOs or community organizations with limited budgets to acquire larger parcels of land for their projects or initiatives.

  • Available Space: County unincorporated land tends to have more available space, offering opportunities for larger-scale projects, such as community gardens, sustainable farming, renewable energy installations, or recreational areas.

  • Flexibility in Zoning: Unincorporated areas may have more flexible zoning regulations, allowing for a broader range of land uses. This flexibility enables DAOs to explore innovative and community-driven projects without being restricted by stringent urban planning guidelines.

  • Conservation and Environmental Protection: County unincorporated land often includes natural habitats, open spaces, and ecologically valuable areas. DAOs interested in conservation efforts or wildlife protection may find such land suitable for their initiatives.

  • Public-Private Partnerships: In some cases, county governments may be open to public-private partnerships with DAOs or community organizations to develop county unincorporated land for mutual benefits. Such partnerships can offer unique opportunities for land acquisition and development.

  • Sustainable Development: County unincorporated land provides an ideal canvas for sustainable development and eco-friendly projects. DAOs focused on environmentally conscious initiatives can leverage the land's potential to create eco-villages, green spaces, or sustainable housing projects.

  • Collaboration with Local Authorities: Acquiring county unincorporated land can foster collaboration with local government authorities. DAOs can work with county officials to develop land-use plans that align with community needs and enhance local development efforts.

  • Community Engagement: County unincorporated land often serves as a blank slate for community-driven projects. DAOs can actively engage local residents in the planning and development process, promoting a sense of ownership and community involvement.

  • Addressing Local Needs: By acquiring county unincorporated land, DAOs can address specific local needs that may be underserved or overlooked by traditional development. This can include affordable housing, community centers, or recreational spaces.

  • Creating Social Impact: Land acquisition in unincorporated areas can lead to significant social impact, as DAOs have the opportunity to positively transform the lives of residents, protect natural resources, and contribute to the county's overall well-being.

Percentage of city land required to be affordable housing

When a city requires a percentage of its land to be designated for affordable housing, it can serve as a valuable resource for acquiring land. Affordable housing mandates aim to address the housing needs of low-income and vulnerable populations which includes those transitioning out of homelessness or facing housing instability.

Faith-based communities

Faith-based communities can be a valuable resource when looking to acquire land for various community-driven initiatives, including transitional housing, community centers, educational facilities, or sustainable development projects. Their support, collaboration, and resources can significantly enhance the land acquisition process for DAOs or nonprofit organizations.

Land trusts

Land trusts can be a valuable resource when it comes to acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. Land trusts are nonprofit organizations that are dedicated to conserving and protecting land for the public benefit. Their unique approach to land ownership and management offers several advantages for acquiring land in a manner that aligns with community needs and sustainability goals.

Local government and planning departments

Local governments and planning departments can be valuable resources when it comes to acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. As key stakeholders in land use and development within their jurisdictions, local governments and planning departments can provide essential support, guidance, and opportunities for land acquisition. Here's how they can be a resource:

  • Land Identification: Local governments and planning departments often maintain comprehensive databases of available land parcels within their jurisdictions. They can assist DAOs in identifying suitable land that aligns with their community-driven objectives and zoning regulations.

  • Regulatory Guidance: Local planning departments are well-versed in zoning regulations, land use policies, and development codes. They can provide DAOs with crucial information about what types of projects are allowed in specific areas and what permits or approvals may be required for land acquisition and development.

  • Public Land Availability: Local governments may own or manage public land that can be made available for community-driven projects. They can facilitate the lease or sale of public land to DAOs at favorable terms, ensuring that the land is used for the public benefit.

  • Incentives and Grants: Some local governments offer incentives or grants to encourage community-driven development or affordable housing initiatives. They can inform DAOs about these funding opportunities and provide assistance in the application process.

  • Public-Private Partnerships: Local governments may be open to public-private partnerships with DAOs, where they collaborate on joint projects that address community needs and enhance local development efforts.

  • Community Engagement: Local governments and planning departments often engage with the public through town hall meetings, community forums, and public consultations. They can facilitate community engagement for DAOs, allowing them to gather feedback and insights from local residents.

  • Fast-Tracking Procedures: In some cases, local governments may fast-track land acquisition or development processes for community-driven projects that align with their goals and priorities. This streamlined approach can expedite the acquisition timeline for DAOs.

  • Land Use Planning: Local planning departments can assist DAOs in creating land use plans that align with their community-driven vision. They can help identify the most suitable locations for specific projects and provide guidance on design and layout.

  • Environmental Impact Assessment: Local governments often require environmental impact assessments for land development projects. They can guide DAOs on the necessary studies and mitigation measures to ensure sustainable and responsible development.

  • Project Advocacy: Local governments can advocate for community-driven projects within their jurisdictions, advocating for their approval and providing support during the approval process.

Government partnerships

Government partnerships can be a valuable resource when it comes to acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. Collaborating with different levels of government can provide numerous benefits and opportunities for land acquisition.

  • Access to Public Land: Governments at various levels, such as local, state, or federal, may own public land that can be made available for community-driven projects. Partnering with the government can open doors to acquiring public land at favorable terms or through long-term leasing arrangements.

  • Supportive Policies and Regulations: Government partnerships can lead to the development of supportive policies and regulations that facilitate land acquisition for community initiatives. Governments may create incentives, streamlined processes, or special zoning allowances for projects that align with their community development goals.

  • Financial Assistance: Governments often allocate funds for community development, affordable housing, or sustainable projects. By forming partnerships, DAOs can access government grants or subsidies that can help offset the costs associated with land acquisition.

  • Shared Resources and Expertise: Partnering with the government provides access to their resources and expertise in land management, urban planning, environmental assessment, and legal matters. This can be particularly beneficial when navigating the complexities of land acquisition and development.

  • Public Trust and Credibility: Government partnerships can enhance the credibility and legitimacy of the DAO's land acquisition efforts. Working with government entities can build public trust and confidence in the community-driven project.

  • Community Engagement: Governments often have established communication channels and community engagement practices. Collaborating with the government allows DAOs to reach a broader audience and engage with local residents, gathering feedback and support for the project.

  • Streamlined Approval Processes: Government partnerships can lead to expedited approval processes for land acquisition and development. Governments may prioritize community-driven projects, expediting permits and approvals to ensure the timely implementation of initiatives.

  • Long-Term Stability: Partnering with the government can provide long-term stability for community-driven projects. Government commitments to support the project can provide assurance that the land will remain available for the DAO's use over an extended period.

  • In-Kind Support: Governments may offer in-kind support, such as infrastructure improvements or public services, that can enhance the viability and attractiveness of the land for community-driven projects.

  • Collaborative Impact: Government partnerships enable collaboration on a larger scale, allowing community-driven projects to have a more significant impact on the region or the broader community.

Land banks and development authorities

Land banks and development authorities can be valuable resources when it comes to acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. These entities play crucial roles in managing and repurposing vacant, abandoned, or tax-delinquent properties, which can be excellent opportunities for community-driven projects.

Social impact bonds that include retroactive funding that is aligned with the goals of the DAO

Social impact bonds (SIBs) that include retroactive funding can be a creative and innovative resource for DAOs to acquire land for community-driven initiatives. SIBs are financial instruments that leverage private capital to fund social programs, and retroactive funding means that investors provide capital based on the achievement of predetermined social outcomes. Here's how SIBs with retroactive funding can be a resource for land acquisition:

  • Aligning with Social Objectives: SIBs are designed to support projects that generate positive social impact. When a DAO's land acquisition project aligns with the social objectives of the SIB, it becomes an eligible candidate for funding.

  • Reduced Financial Burden: Retroactive funding means that investors provide capital based on the success of the land acquisition project and the achievement of social outcomes. This can reduce the upfront financial burden on the DAO, making it easier to secure the necessary funds for acquiring land.

  • Risk Sharing: With a SIB, the risk is shared between the investors and the DAO. If the land acquisition project doesn't achieve the intended social outcomes, investors may not recoup their full investment. This risk-sharing mechanism can encourage investor confidence and participation.

  • Incentive for Success: Retroactive funding acts as an incentive for the DAO to implement the land acquisition project effectively and achieve the desired social impact. The better the project performs, the higher the chances of receiving additional funding.

  • Focus on Measurable Outcomes: SIBs are structured around measurable social outcomes. For land acquisition, these outcomes could include the number of affordable housing units created, the reduction in homelessness, or the improvement of community well-being. This results-based approach ensures a clear focus on achieving positive results.

  • Evaluation and Accountability: The SIB model requires rigorous evaluation and performance measurement to determine the project's success. This evaluation process fosters accountability and transparency in the use of funds and the project's impact on the community.

  • Partnerships and Collaboration: SIBs often involve multiple stakeholders, including government agencies, nonprofits, and private investors. These partnerships can enhance the DAO's network and resources, creating opportunities for collaboration on land acquisition and community-driven initiatives.

  • Flexible Investment Structure: SIBs can offer flexible investment structures tailored to the specific needs of the DAO and the land acquisition project. This adaptability allows the DAO to design a funding arrangement that aligns with its goals and timeline.

  • Catalyzing Large-Scale Projects: SIBs can provide significant funding, enabling the DAO to undertake larger-scale land acquisition projects that may have been challenging with traditional financing methods.

  • Sustainable Funding Model: SIBs can establish a sustainable funding model for the DAO's initiatives. Successful projects may attract additional investors and funding for future endeavors, ensuring the long-term viability of the DAO's impact-driven efforts.

City surplus land

City surplus land can be an excellent resource for acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. Surplus land refers to publicly owned properties that are no longer needed for municipal purposes. Here's how city surplus land can be a valuable resource:

  • Availability of Land: City surplus land provides a pool of available properties that are owned by the city but are not currently in use. This presents an opportunity for DAOs to acquire land that may not be easily accessible through the private market.

  • Affordability: Surplus land is often priced at fair market value or below, making it more affordable for DAOs with limited budgets. This cost advantage can enable DAOs to acquire larger parcels of land or invest more in community-driven projects.

  • Transparent Process: The sale or lease of city surplus land typically follows a transparent process, governed by established rules and regulations. This clear process can simplify the land acquisition journey for DAOs and reduce uncertainty.

  • Community Benefit: Cities often prioritize community benefit when disposing of surplus land. DAOs with community-driven initiatives aligned with the city's goals may receive preference when applying to acquire or lease the land.

  • Supportive Policies: Some cities have policies or ordinances that encourage the use of surplus land for community development, affordable housing, or sustainable projects. DAOs can leverage these policies to advance their land acquisition objectives.

  • Flexible Land Use: Surplus land may have flexible zoning regulations or land use designations, allowing DAOs to explore a variety of community-driven projects without strict restrictions.

  • Collaborative Partnerships: City surplus land can be an entry point for collaborative partnerships between the city and DAOs. Such partnerships can create win-win scenarios where the city benefits from community-driven development while the DAO gains access to land resources.

  • Community Engagement: Cities often seek public input when considering the use of surplus land. DAOs can actively engage with the local community to gather feedback and demonstrate community support for their projects.

  • Long-Term Stability: Acquiring surplus land from the city can provide long-term stability for DAOs, ensuring that the land remains available for their initiatives without the risk of sudden changes in ownership.

  • Supportive City Initiatives: Acquiring surplus land aligns with cities' initiatives to revitalize neighborhoods, address housing needs, and promote sustainable development. DAOs that align with these objectives are likely to receive support from the city.

Online land marketplace

An online land marketplace can be a valuable and convenient resource for acquiring land for decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) or community-driven initiatives. These digital platforms provide a centralized hub where landowners, sellers, and buyers can connect, making the process of acquiring land more accessible and efficient.

Real estate listings

Real estate listings can be a valuable resource for acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. These listings are available through various channels, such as real estate websites, property portals, and real estate agents.

Land cooperatives

Land cooperatives can be a valuable and empowering resource for acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. A land cooperative is a collectively owned and managed organization where individuals or groups pool their resources to purchase and develop land for mutual benefit.

  • Collective Purchasing Power: By pooling their resources, DAOs and community members in a land cooperative can access a larger pool of funds to acquire land that might be beyond their individual financial capacity.

  • -

Online land forums and groups

Online land forums and groups can be valuable resources for acquiring land for DAOs or community-driven initiatives. These virtual platforms bring together like-minded individuals, investors, landowners, and real estate professionals who share an interest in buying, selling, or developing land.

What challenges are possible when looking to acquire land either publicly or privately?

Private sale

Agreeing on a price and signing legal documents to transfer ownership without a public listing.

Bay Area land trusts

Bay Area Community Land Trust

CARE Community Land Trust

OakCLT

SFCLT

Auction

Land auction is a public sale where the highest bidder wins ownership of the property.

Land grant

A land grant is when the government gives a piece of land to an individual, organization, or institution for a particular use, such as farming, education, or building infrastructure.

City partnership

A city and a private entity work together to develop or improve a piece of land for mutual benefit.

Develop allies

Oakland

Oakland Building Department

BART Real Estate and Housing Program

Supervisor

Planning Departments

Oakland Housing Authority

Oakland Council members

Alameda County Officials

San Francisco


Name

Land acquisition

Description

Possible approaches for securing land to house the transitional housing community.

Types